When should flaps be extended to the final setting during a circling approach?

Extending the flaps to the final setting during a circling approach should be done as required for conditions. This approach emphasizes flexibility based on specific circumstances such as aircraft weight, environmental factors, and airspeed. Extending flaps too early may lead to increased drag and a higher angle of attack than necessary, while waiting too long may not provide the desired lift and control during the maneuver.

Each circling approach can present different challenges, and factors such as obstacles, wind conditions, and the required rate of descent may dictate when to configure the aircraft optimally. By applying the flaps as needed for the particular conditions at hand, pilots ensure that they maintain optimal performance and safety while completing the maneuver. Thus, this answer aligns with the principles of adaptive flying, enhancing situational awareness and aircraft control during critical phases of an approach.